Half to william h



(No Model.)

E. 0. R. HUMPHRIES.

SPARK ARRESTER.

No. 546,156. Patented Sept. 10, 1895.

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EDlVIN G. R; HUMPHRIES, OF LEXINGTON, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE HALF TO\VILLIAM H. GARNETT.

SPARK-ARRESTEFL SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.546,156, dated September 10, 1895.

Application filed March 20, 1895. Serial No. 542,473. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, EDWIN O. R. HUMPHRIES, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Lexington, in the county of Rockbridge and v Stateof Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSpark-Arresters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

The invention relates to that class of devices known as sparkarresters,and has for its obj ect the more perfect arresting and trapping of allsparks and cinders that may come from the material under combustion, andwhile being applicable in the construction to new and improved styles oflocomotive or other classes of steam-generating boilers may also bereadily applied to the old forms with but few alterations or changes andat small cost; and the invention consists in certain novel features inthe construction, arrangement, and combination of parts, all ashereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of theforward or discharge end of asteam-boiler, showing a portion of the tubeor fine head and the smoke flue and stack in section with myimprovements applied. Fig. 2 is a front or end view with the dooropening from the pilot removed. Fig. 3 is a similar View showing thedoor or swinging half of the partition which separates or divides thesmoke-box and spark or cinder chamber elevated.

The boiler and the several parts, except in the particulars hereinafterstated, may be of the usual or any other desired form.

The space or extension in front of the tube or fine head is divided intotwo compartments A B by a partition 0 O, the lower portion 0 of which ishinged for adapting it to be swung upward, as shown in dotted lines inFig. l and charge-stack E, which extends upward in curved form from thesmoke-box and then downward, communicating with the stack near its baseor entering said stack at an angle. Nozzles F are located or arrangedjust in front of the tube or flue head near the level of the lower setof fiues, and which nozzles communicate with the steam-cylinders, andthrough which the spent or exhaust steam is discharged into thesmoke-box. These nozzles are made adjustable to permit the same to beraised or lowered as may be found nec' essary to give sufficient forcein the base of the smokebox to perfectly clear it of sparks and preventany choking of the nozzles or fines. These nozzles are covered orinclosed bya wire netting or screen F to form a guard to preventanything from fallinginto the nozzles.

Located at the base of the discharge-stack is a cone-shaped deflector orshort conical pipe 1 made of such size at its receiving and dis chargeend as shall be found most desirable, and said deflector or pipe is madeadjustable to or from the opening in thedischarge-stack, the adjustmentand the receiving of the same being effected by means of the rod 1,plate or bracket 1, and set-screw 1 The object of making said pipeadjustable is that it has been found from experiment and from experimentit has been shown that the position of the pipe aifects the draft in amarked degree, and that there is less consumption of fuel and bettersteaming powers are developed in the boiler, and in order to obtain themaximum vacuum from the use of the exhaust said pipe is made adjustable,as above described, in order to obtain the proper position.

The upper end of the smoke-stack is covered by a wire-netting D forarresting any sparks or cinders that may have accidentally escaped theforce of the downward course of the exhaust or may have been drawnupward from any cause whatever.

Located at the base of the smoke-stack is a hood H, preferably insemispherical form, and composed either of wire or solid cast or sheetiron, which acts to trap the sparks or cinders in the chamber which maybe agitated or disturbed by the force of the exhaust coming down thesmoke-stack from its junction with the discharge-stack, and this servesto prevent any sparks or cinders that have once entered the chamber fromescaping. to This hood is also made adjustable for a similar purpose andmanner as the deflector or conical pipe.

To prevent the formation of an air-cushion in the spark or cinderchamber, the formation [5 of which would cause or change the force ofthe exhaust from its downward course into the spark and cinder chamberupward and out at the top of the stack, a valve K is located at the baseof said chamber, which is termed an air-cushion valve, which can beadjusted to any required air-pounds pressure.

At the base of the spark and cinder chamber, and preferably just infront of the aircushion valve are arranged, as in the present type oflocomotive-engines, twin nozzles L, communicating with pipes whichextend out therefrom to the right and left sides of the boiler, and inwhich pipes are located small steam-pipes L, by which arrangement ofparts 0 the cinders may be rapidly and forcibly discharged from the boxwhen it is desired t0. clean the same, which is accomplished by removingthe cap from the nozzle, inserting a discharge-tube, therein, andadmitting steam 5 to the small steam-pipes. To further facilitate theremoval of the accumulated cinders armholes M are arranged in each sideof the spark or cinder chamber, through which to insert a properimplement to loosen up the cinders which may have become packed.

The door N opening to the spark or cinder chamber from the front of theboiler is sealed tight, as in the present form of locomotive-boilers, toprevent the combustion of sparks in the chamber.

The door or hinged portion of the partition separating the smoke-chamberfrom the cinder and spark chamber is constructed in such manner topermit ready access to the tube or flue head, nozzles, and other partsfor repairs or other purposes.

The operation of the parts is as follows: When the engine is inoperation, the spent or exhaust steam from the cylinder or cylinders isexhausted through the nozzles in the smokechamber, causing the sparks tobe drawn through the dues and to be lifted by the force of the exhaustupward through the deflector or conical pipe, which acts to guide ordeflect 6o them toward the center of and into the curved discharge-pipe,and when reaching the curved portion thereof the course of the sparksand force of the exhaust is changed downward, causing the sparks andcinders to be driven downward into the spark or cinder chamber and theretrapped, the smoke by reason of the compactness of a certain amount ofair in said chamber and the force of the exhaust being driven upward andout at the top of the smokestack with sufficient force to clear thetrain when used with locomotives, the hood II at the base of the stackpreventing, as before stated, any sparks or cinders that have onceentered the chamber from escapingtherefrom.

In applying the device to the present form of locomotive-engines it hasbeen found necessary, consequent to the placing of the stack over thespark or cinder chamber, to move the headlight forward and support thesame on brackets as was common before the intro duction of what areknown as the extension fronts.

It will be readily seen that the device is applicable to all classes ofsteam-boilers, either movable or stationary.

I am aware that an adjustable deflector located in the smoke-stack ot' alocomotive has been used, as shown in patent to 'Deshon, No. 13,216,July 10, 1855, and this I do not claim.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a spark arrester, a smoke compartment located adjacent to the tubeor flue head, a spark or cinder compartment stacks com mu nicating withsaid compartments and with each other, an adjustable deflector orconical pipe located at the base of the stack communicating with thesmoke compartment, and a steam outlet located in the smoke compartment,sub stantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a spark arrester, a smoke compartment and a spark or cindercompartment formed at the end of the boiler, a smoke stack communicatingwith the cinder or spark compartment, a curved discharge stack leadingfrom the smoke compartment into the smoke stack, a conical pipe locatedat the base of the dischar e stack, a hood located at the base of thesmoke stack, and a steam outlet located in the smoke compartment,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a spark arrester, the smoke and spark or cinder compartments, asmoke stack located over the spark or cinder compartment, a dischargestack communicating with the smoke compartment, an adjustable conicalpipe located at the base of the discharge stack, and an adjustable hoodlocated at the base of the smoke stack, and a steam outlet communieating with the smoke compartment, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

4:. In a spark arrester, the spark and cinder compartments the stackscommunicating therewith in combination with the adjustable conical pipelocated in the smoke box and the adjustable hood located at the base ofthe smoke stack, substantially as set forth.

5. In a spark arrester, the smoke and spark or cinder compartments, thestacks con- ICO structed and arranged substantially as de- In testimonywhereof I have affixed my sigscribed communicating with saidccmpartnature in presence of two Witnesses.

ments and with each other a steam outlet 10- I T 7 eated in the smokecompeitment, and an air EDWD IIUMPHRIES' valve located in the spark andcinder com- Witnesses:

pertinent, substantially as and for the purpose 0. A. BRADY,

set forth. 1 G. W. OULIN.

